Zoo

TOEIC 第１４３回公開テスト

　　Form 4 EIC25

Listening section の Part 3 で、
男性は女性に仕事帰りに駅まで送ってほしい
との設定。朝は奥さんに仕事場まで送ってもらった
と言いました。
設問は

で選択肢は

�@　by walking
�A　by car
�B　by bus
�C　by train

正解は �A　by car ですが、
�@　のような言い方はありますか？

「歩いて」は英語で「on foot」 くらい
かと思いました。
当然
I walked to work.
なども考えられますが、
単独で 「by walking」 は初耳。

「単独で」というと、
例えば次のような節とは違った使い方：
The lost person finally reached the village
by walking through a dense forest.
　I lost weight by walking and cycling.
いずれも「歩くことによって」（助かった・やせた）

で、
The lost person finally reached the village on foot.
だけでしたら OKですが、
... on foot through the dense forest は考えにくいですね。
I lost weight on foot.
も「足の上でやせた」

Nature can be cruel.

Some people have certainly encountered problems with animals.
When birds flock together in the hundreds or thousands,
they leave behind unwanted presents.
A noisy cat or a barking dog can reduce much wanted hours of sleep.

アッ！ 　　　間違えたと思うだろう？ NO, no, no! Much は wanted を強調していて、 「待ちに待った」 という意味。 「ほしかった多くの睡眠時間」なら、 ... can reduce the many hours of sleep you wanted. や ... can reduce the many hours of sleep you were looking forward to. “of...” と “(that) you wanted” で限定されるため、 定冠詞 the が必要になる。

Sometimes there are limits to what one can stand. (=bear)
This sign I saw this morning goes a bit too far,
as far as I see it.

Are dogs no longer allowed to answer the call of nature?
Or has the writer of this sign unwittingly forgotten to add

　 　 　 　

　

encounter a (big / slight) problem = have a problem
flock together = gather, 群れがってくる
leave behind = forget, go away without taking something with you
reduce = shorten, shrink, axe, cut down [back]
go too far = やりすぎだ
as far as I see it = I think
answer the call of nature = go to the toilet
unwittingly = without knowing, accidentally, unintentionally

The Shinkansen
Part 2

A man who had been standing next to the payphone between the two cars decided to give it a try.
He was obviously not alone.
He pulled his son ― he must have been 5 or 6 ― from behind the door,
and told him to sit next to me.
As soon as he saw me,
he turned around and flatly denied,
thereby unwittingly giving me the second punch in less than 20 minutes.
His father, however, pushed him back
and I gently pulled him by the arm onto the seat.
Next to me.
The woman with her daughter started talking to this boy,
but to no avail.
He left after a couple of minutes
and stood next to his father for the rest of the trip.

I won’t have to explain that this was quite a shock to me. I teach many children, some as young as 1 year or so, and never ever has anything like this happened to me before.

In the evening,
on my way back home,
I decided to take luck into my own hands,
and sat on the other side of the train,
which has only 2 seats,
next to a young woman.
She did NOT stand up,
neither did she change seats or start yelling.

Lucky me!

2/2

The Shinkansen
Part 1

It may have been because of the 3 consecutive holidays,
or maybe it’s just because I don’t take the Shinkansen often enough to know,
but last weekend it was full beyond its capacity.
I was lucky enough to be able to take an aisle seat in the first row,
took my computer out of my briefcase and started preparing for my classes.

It was hard to believe there were so many people standing.
The person occupying the center seat got off, like many others, at Shizuoka station,
and others boarded and tried to find a space to sit down on.
Now there was one place between me and the person having the window seat.
A woman and her young daughter came into the car,
and, as soon as she saw the empty seat next to me,
told her daughter to sit down.
This girl ― she must have been 5 or 6 ― was obviously surprised at seeing me
and she started to yell “No, no, no!” in the Shinkansen!
Her mother was not going to give up the seat,
sat down herself
and took her daughter in her arms.
This girl was terrified.

As if I were a terrorist.

Or a bad guy.

A criminal wearing a business suit.

I tried to avoid her.
I didn’t dare to look at her, but somehow,
I could see on the computer screen that she was constantly staring at me.
Every time I glanced at her she quickly turned her head in the opposite direction.
Anyway, this girl’s ordeal finished at the next stop,
where the woman who was sitting on the window seat got off,
and the mother moved to that place.

Away from the bad guy.

Lucky me.

1/2
[Go to part 2]

Black ( 　5 　) a neutral color implies nothing directly.
�@　is a
�A　, one
�B　one is a
�C　being

It is, ( 　6 　), very often used for the "open" button.

�@　although
�A　however
�B　even
�C　but

At least one woman I know seems to have trouble with the triangles for open and close.

They can be confusing!

ちなみに、三角の上の点字 (=Braille)　は、
（左側）　アケ　　（右側）　シメ　

　
And the majority of people is right-handed, so why not switch the buttons (　 7　 )?
�@　neither
�A　either
�B　too
�C　on

In case of an emergency, a right hand is likely to press the right side first.






































5-1　　is a

NO, NO, NO!
　
　Black �@　is a neutral color
　　　　　�A　implies nothing directly.

動詞２つ持つ主語 black に conjunction （接続詞）が必要。
例　Black is ... AND implies...

　　[back]

































5-2 　　, one
　X
　one a neutral color の組み合わせはない。
どちらかにすればOK.

例　Black, a neutral color, implies ...
　　 Black, one neutral color, implies ...

　　[back]

































5-3　　 one is a

　　ブッブー

色を表す語は冠詞が付かない。
Blue, green and red are basic colors.
それに対して、「黒いもの」なら、
a [the] black one
I'll have the blue one. 青い方にします。（青い方を買います）

　　[back]

































5-4　　being

正解

NICE！
Black ... implies nothing in itself.
　　┗ being a neutral color

　　[back]

































6-1　although

８０

文頭や節の頭に置かれる。

　　[back]

































6-2　however

正解

コンマとコンマの間に however

　　[back]

































6-3　even

文頭の（節の頭にくる） although, even though や
though の代わりに　even だけ持ってくることは
不可。

　　[back]

































6-4　but
Hmmm...
文頭ならOK:
But it is very often used for the open button.

　　[back]

































7-1　neither
Oh no!
Why not ... や　Why don't you [we] ... は否定ではなく、提案で、
「〜しましょう」、「行きましょう」などの意味を表す。

同じ文章に not も　neither も考えにくい。
neither の　n と　t は否定を表すので、
not と組み合わせると二重否定に？

備考　　否定だと、　not ... either を用いる：
A: I don't like snakes.
B: I don't like snakes either. (または Neither do I. や　Me neither.)

　[back]

































7-2　either
ちょっとしたミス、かな？
Why not ... や　Why don't you [we] ... は否定ではなく、提案で、
「〜しましょう」、「行きましょう」などの意味を表す。

　[back]

































7-3　too

正解

Why not ... や　Why don't you [we] ... は否定ではなく、提案で、
「〜しましょう」、「行きましょう」などの意味を表す。

＊　単独で使う場合も可：
A: Let's go to the movies after school.
B: Why not?
「放課後映画を観よう」　「いいね、行こう！」

　[back]

































7-4　on

誤解！
switch on / off や　turn on / off （電源などを入れる）だが、
「ボタンを入れる」、「ボタンをつける」ということになる。
Hmmm...

　[back]

　　Tricky elevators

Because of their similarities,
the kanji 開 and 閉 can make elevators tricky.
Many a foreigner must have been taken by surprise.
Which kanji stands for "open" and which for "close"?

To make things worse,
many manufacturers add a second hurdle: color.

Green

In my eyes, green is equivalent to "safe, go."
Just take a traffic light: not many people stop in front of a green light, ( 　3 　)

�@　will they?
�A　are they?
�B　do they?
�C　don't they?


If green means "safe",
why choose it for a button producing the opposite result?
Why ( 　4 　) red instead?

�@　not to make it
�A　not make it
�B　it makes not
�C　doesn't it make

Red implies danger, stop, do not go, wait, keep the doors open.































3-1 will they

stop は一般動詞なので will は合わない！
残念ながら、

ブブー

[back]

























3-2 　are they

stop は一般動詞なので are は合わない！
残念ながら、
< align="center">ブブー They are stopping, aren't they?
They aren't stopping, are they?
なら OK.


[back]

























3-3 　do they
正解

NICE！　　WOW!!　　

Not many people は否定文なので、
付加疑問文 (= tag question) は肯定で　do they になる。



[back]

























3-4 don't they:

　 Not many people は否定文なので、
付加疑問文 (= tag question) は　don't they にならない。


[back]


























　

4-1 not to make it
　　　　困った
　　　　　　　困った
　　　　　　　困った

確かに不定詞の否定は
not to make で、
to not make は間違い
だが、 why との組み合わせでは．．．NG!

　　　[back]

























4-2 :-) Why not make it...?
正解

NICE！　　WOW!!　　

「色を変えれば良いのに」


　　　[back]

























4-3 it makes not 「Why doesn't it make...」なら文法的にOKだが、
意味は？
　　:(

　　　　　　　Try again!

　　　[back]

























4-4 Why doesn't it make...? 文法的にOKだが、
意味は？
　　　:-[

　　　[back]

　　Tricky elevators

Because of their similarities,
the kanji 開 and 閉 can make elevators tricky.

( 　1 　) foreigner must have been taken by surprise.

�@　Many a
�A　Many
�B　A lot of
�C　Much

Which kanji ( 　2 　) "open" and which for "close"?

�@　regards
�A　is standing for
�B　stands for
�C　will

To make things worse,
many manufacturers add a second hurdle:

color.

[ continue ]